State guides
Ten states, ten different answers. Each guide covers the rate structure, export rules, incentives, VPP programs and outage context behind that state's number. Data as of 2026-10-18.
A battery's value is decided by state policy, not by the battery. Two identical systems on two identical bills can be years apart on payback — because one state credits exports below retail and the other credits them at full retail. Pick a state to see why.
Southern California Edison · TOU-D-PRIME
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.345/kWh · reference payback 14.9 yrs
Arizona Public Service · E-12 TOU
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.154/kWh · reference payback 17.8 yrs
Consolidated Edison · Standard residential (flat)
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.299/kWh · reference payback 27.8 yrs
Eversource / National Grid · Standard (flat)
Bill savings ≈ $0 — the value is backup and VPP
avg $0.305/kWh · reference payback —
Retail choice (no default TOU) · Flat (representative)
Bill savings ≈ $0 — the value is backup and VPP
avg $0.159/kWh · reference payback —
Florida Power & Light · RS-1 (flat; opt-in RTR-1 TOU rider)
Bill savings ≈ $0 — the value is backup and VPP
avg $0.137/kWh · reference payback —
Commonwealth Edison (northern IL) · Standard (flat; Hourly Pricing / TOD optional)
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.183/kWh · reference payback 32.5 yrs
Hawaiian Electric (Oʻahu) · Schedule R (tiered flat; TOU-RI closed)
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.470/kWh · reference payback 37.6 yrs
NV Energy (Nevada Power / Sierra Pacific) · Standard (flat; TOU optional)
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.143/kWh · reference payback 78.3 yrs
Eversource / United Illuminating · Standard (flat)
Self-consumption pays — exports earn below retail
avg $0.300/kWh · reference payback 156.3 yrs
How these guides are built
Every state pack carries a verification badge: verified means the official utility rate sheet was checked line by line; sourced means an official or major source was captured but the all-in figure awaits confirmation on the issuer's own page; verify pending marks research-level estimates that are never presented as launch data. The data and method page lists every constant with its source and date, and the model page states exactly what is counted and what is not.
Your state is not here, or your utility is not the default? Switch states inside the calculator, or turn on use my own electricity prices to model your actual plan.
Estimates only — not financial, tax, or installation advice. Data as of 2026-10-18.